COVID-19 Vaccines
In a retrospective review of 39,156 asymptomatic patients, in the Mayo Clinic Health System, who were tested for COVID-19 for an upcoming procedure, 1.4% of vaccinated patients tested positive compared to 3.2% of unvaccinated patients for an 80% reduction in the development of asymptomatic COVID-19 with the vaccine. CDC researchers analyzed results of COVID-19 tests from 3,950 health care workers and first responders to estimate real-world effectiveness of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. Vaccine effectiveness was found to be 80% after one immunization and 90% in fully vaccinated individuals. COVID-19 Antibodies Lilly, Vir and GSK announced that in the seven-day, Phase II, BLAZE-4 trial (NCT04634409), treatment with bamlanivimab plus VIR-7831 reduced viral load compared to placebo in low-risk adult patients with mild to moderate COVID-19. COVID-19 Anti-Inflammatories Humanigen announced that in a 28-day, 520 patient, Phase III trial (NCT04351152), 15.6% of patients treated with lenzilumab died or required a ventilator compared to 22.1% with placebo in hospitalized hypoxic COVID-19 patients not requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. In the trial, 88% of patients received a corticosteroid, 62% received remdesivir, and 57% received both. Fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and sigma-1 receptor (S1R) agonist, approved for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, is being evaluated for the treatment of COVID-19. Inhibiting S1R decreases cytokine production through its interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1alpha (IRE1). The decrease in cytokines reduces the inflammatory response, which diminishes progression of COVID-19.
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